The mass of the ball will affect the height the ball bounces to because it affects the balls starting energy. Kinetic energy means energy associated with motion. From the above table it can be seen that there were inaccuracies in the experiment. After the ball reaches terminal velocity, no more GPE is converted into KE is the ball cannot get any faster. WebWhat is a control? Read books, magazines or ask professionals who might know in order to find out the factors that affect the movements of a dropped ball. This slope tells us how bouncy the ball is. You will next need to record your bounces and their respective times. Controlled variables are air temperature, air flow, air pressure where you perform your tests. Find the total distance of travel until the ball hits the ground for the 8th time. Identifying variables is necessary before you can make a hypothesis. For each height repeat the test 3 to 5 times and record the most reliable result. The higher the air pressure the more air particles per cubic meter. Use the pencil and ruler to connect the incoming and outgoing trajectories of the marble to the point where the marble bounced off the wood. How well a ball bounces deals with its coefficient of restitution. Tennis ball experiment Find the infinite distance of travel. Keep track of where you got your information from. What is the control variable in the bouncing ball experiment? The control variable is not part of an experiment itselfit is neither the independent nor dependent variable but it is important because it can have an effect on the results. It was difficult to get down to the exact level of the blue tack seeing as it meant lowering your entire upper body in the short amount of time taken for the ball to hit the floor and rebound again to get your eye level from h1 to h2 (where the blue tack was stuck, approximately). The only difference is that no experimental variables are changed. Air resistance exists but does not affect the velocity of the ball significantly. - Height at which the Use a racquetball, a golf ball or any kind that bounces well and makes a nice crisp sound when it bounces. These stages are continuously repeated and shown in the sequence below. At the terminal speed, the drag force = the gravitational force. will start at 2m and then move down in intervals of 10cm to 10cm. No, as the acceleration is not proportional to the displacement. The surface onto which the ball is dropped upon will be kept the same. Figure 1. The coefficient to restitution can be found out from a graph of, it follows the gradient of the graph change in h. . Therefore the energy that the ball hits the floor with = mh, The proportion of energy lost when ball hits the floor = The Coefficient to the restitution of the two objects (C, All of the energy that the ball leaves the floor with is converted back into GPE, If dropping a ball in a vacuum all you need to know in order to know how high the ball will bounce to is h, can be found out by looking at a graph, the gradient, as a percentage of 1 gives the amount of energy conserved and therefore C. The clamp stand will be clamped down to the desk using a g-clamp to prevent it falling over and causing possible injuries. The force that is received by the ball from the ground from the collision causes it to rebound, which converts the potential energy to kinetic energy. The process of obtaining information by using the senses is called a/an. You will be able to precisely measure the time intervals between bounces. Therefore the ball dropped from the higher height must give out more thermal energy in order to end up with the same amount of energy as the other ball. Also the difference between the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 1ms-1 and the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 2ms-1 is far smaller than the difference between the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 20ms-1 and the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 21ms-1. When you drop a ball from a greater height, it has more kinetic energy just before it hits the floor and stores more energy during the bounceit dents farther as it comes to a stop. Hypothesis. ThatQuiz Create and find flashcards in record time. If you follow the motion of either ball, youll realize that theres a moment halfway through its bounce when the ball is perfectly motionless in contact with the floor. When raw data gets processed mathematically, for example, it becomes results. It was decided that the first drop would start at 2m off the floor and then move down in intervals of 10cm to 10 cm off the floor. At 3ft, the basketball bounced 20 inches, the tennis ball bounced. Review each step of the procedure to find sources of potential errors. or hold Ctrl and then use arrow keys to move the wave 0.01 second left or right. In this experiment there are FOUR VARIABLES. The mass is cancelled out in the above equation, and we re-arrange with respect to velocity. Often, mathematical equations can be made from graphs. Your assistant will record the bounce. 1. I plan to collect at least ten results as this will make the conclusion and graph I am able to draw from the experiment more accurate than if I had less results than ten. Why? WebVariables. The area of the triangle can be found using the formula below. For a dropped ball, the total mechanical energy is defined as the sum of its kinetic energy and its gravitational potential energy. This will help with your understanding of the investigation and lead you to make a possible hypothesis. Changes in the area of linoleum floor tile that the ball collided with may have affected the height to which it bounced to thus producing variation between results. The experiment was conducted as the method (below) states. A series of experiments is made up of separate experimental runs. During each run you make a measurement of how much the variable affected the system under study. Variables are the factors that are changed, measured or controlled. These are illustrated below. Also the facts that there were no anomalies and that all of the points were very close to the line of best fit show that the experiment was relatively accurate. It bounces off, changing the direction of motion and again reaching its maximum height. Projectile motion is the motion of objects that are moving near the surface of the earth in a curved path due to the effect of gravity. 7. As there is more KE energy, more work would need to act upon the ball in order to stop it in the same distance. 2. By registering you get free access to our website and app (available on desktop AND mobile) which will help you to super-charge your learning process. The balls leave the floor at the same speed with the same amount of KE and so both balls reach the same height and end up with the same amount of GPE at the top of their bounces. Bounce/Release is the relation of bounce height to the release height. it seems the ball is experiencing an oscillatory motion. Its height gradually decreases until it eventually stops moving. Use a uniform surface to drop the ball onto. Also the difference between the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 1ms, and the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 2ms, is far smaller than the difference between the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 20ms, and the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 21ms, , the faster the velocity that the ball reaches. The material ball is made from will affect the ball as if it is smooth then the drag will be significantly less than if it is rough. Using the graph above, we can find the displacement by using the area under the graph, which is equal to the displacement. Then change the surface material by covering it with different material and repeat the test. An experiment has several types of variables, including a control variable (sometimes called a controlled variable). If the elastic potential energy is the same then the same amount of energy is converted back into KE and so the balls leave the floor at the same speed. The maximum height will have to be less than two meters as that is the maximum height that the equipment allows. What type of motion does a bouncing ball experience? the Scientific Method Without a control you cannot be sure that changing the variable causes your observations. As energy cannot be created or destroyed it follows that the energy must have come from the energy that the ball possesses. WebHave them list all the variables they think will affect ball bounce. The first stage is where the ball bounces from the surface of the ground. CoR = coefficient of restitution = (speed after collision)/(speed before collision). This means for the ball to reach terminal velocity the drag force has to be bigger and for the drag force to be bigger the ball has to fall faster (so that more air particles hit the ball every second). The sum of the two, mechanical energy, stays the same ( is conserved.). The push that the ball receives from the floor at the moment of the impact causes it to bounce upwards. This is considered raw data since it has not been processed or interpreted yet. If the ball is elastic in nature, the ball will quickly return to its original form and spring up from the floor. The ball did not reach terminal velocity however as it did not have enough time to accelerate to its terminal velocity. WebLearn how to identify types of variables in a simple experiment with bouncing balls. What is the velocity of the ball at the point of maximum height? WebPhysics Lab 1 - Bouncing Ball - Hardik December 2019 PDF Bookmark This document was uploaded by user and they confirmed that they have the permission to share it. A control is a neutral reference point for comparison that allows you to see what changing a variable does by comparing it to not changing anything. If the drag is less the ball will fall faster and is less likely to reach its terminal velocity. Control Variable: Simple Definition - Statistics How To When the ball travels in the negative direction (downwards), the velocity can be assumed to be negative. Ball As drag is a squared function, proportional to the square of the velocity, it is impossible to calculate the velocity that the ball hits the floor at. This therefore provides accurate and reliable results. What is the dependent variable in the bouncing ball experiment? If you are author or own the copyright of this book, please report to us by using this DMCA report form. Using the geometric sequence for an infinite sequence and substituting the given values we get: \(S_{\infty} = 2 \cdot \frac{\alpha}{1-r} = 2 \cdot \frac{6m}{1-0.38} = 19.35 m\). Then when dropping the ball again eye level was kept level with the blue tack. The formula for gravitational potential energy is PE = mgh where m is the mass of the ball measured in kg, g is the gravitational acceleration constant of 9.8 m/se c2 , and h is the height of the ball in m. As the ball falls through the air, the potential energy changes to kinetic energy. As CR = h2/ h1it follows the gradient of the graph change in h2/ change in h1= CR. Additionally we were able to practice reading a lab, taking data and making a graph. This applies to a ball falling in a vacuum. A series of experiments can be done by changing one variable a different amount each time. h1 = The distance between the bottom of the ball before it is dropped and the ground. Kinetic energy is energy of motion. Our dependent variable was. Data table 2 indicates that on average tennis ball bounced to a lower height than it was dropped from. Sometimes the designer of an experiment can miss the obvious. What does the motion of a bouncing ball look like? Report DMCA Overview This coefficient of restitution, e, is actually the ratio of the velocity of recession (upwards after the bounce) to the velocity of approach (downward before the bounce). The more particles per cubic meter, the more drag acting upon the ball. When the ball collides with the floor, the ball becomes deformed. The more KE the ball leaves the floor with the longer it takes to stop due to the force of gravity and return back to the floor again. H is the height of the ball before it is dropped. We felt the magic immediately.". If you have any questions or need more support about this project, click on the , If you are new in doing science project, click on . This would allow one to find the terminal velocity of the ball. Sometimes variables are linked and work together to cause something. Also the mass of the ball affects the chances of the ball reaching its terminal velocity. Therefore of the GPE that the ball possessed at the beginning some energy is given off as thermal energy. A single experiment may contain many control variables. WebControlled Variables: Bouncy ball used, surface bounced off of, technique in which ball was dropped (initial height was measured from base of ball). This will be called the average of the middle three repeats. WebRamp and ball, controlled study lab report. Stages of bouncing ball example, Panagi - StudySmarter Originals, Motion graphs of a bouncing ball, Panagi - StudySmarter Originals. At the moment of impact, the ball also experiences deformation and the coefficient of restitution, which depends on the bounciness of the ball. Design an experiment to test each hypothesis. In this experiment the only variable that we modify is the type or flexibility of bounce surface and we keep all other variables unchanged. Then when dropping the ball again eye level was kept level with the blue tack. Independent: - Type of surface the tennis ball is dropped on. The ball is not performing a simple harmonic motion, as the acceleration is not proportional to the displacement from an equilibrium position. A controlled variable is one which the researcher holds constant (controls) during an experiment. 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As the ball flattening upon impact with the floor is not visible as it happens so quickly it would be almost impossible to measure the size of the ball on impact with the floor. For each run, a different amount of change in the variable is used. This is why it. This would provide evidence on how the height from which the ball is dropped from affects the height to which it bounces without air resistance. Locate the peaks and record the time for each peak. changing air density, temperature. Control Variable? Definition and Examples Also it shows inaccuracies in the experiment as it shows that heights were recorded that exceeded the height that the ball would have reached had it been dropped in a vacuum. Our lab group was able to determine the relationship between drop height and bounce height. For a falling object the Coefficient to restitution (CR) is equal to the velocity squared as the object is travelling at as it leaves the floor (v22) divided by the velocity squared as it hits the floor (v12): If dropping a ball in a vacuum all you need to know in order to know how high the ball will bounce to is h1 and CR. 2. As the ball is accelerating due to gravity, at 9.81m/s2it is constantly getting faster and therefore the drag force gets bigger and bigger. Free Bouncing Ball Experiment Essays and Papers | 123 Help Me The reason for our error was that we thought that the tennis ball might be specially made to bounce to the same height. This list is called an experimental procedure. While these variables are not the Drag is a squared function of velocity and therefore as the ball drops drag increases a greater amount each second. It is the most basic kind of energy. of the users don't pass the Bouncing Ball Example quiz! Hence the formula for the sum of the infinite number of terms can be rewritten as seen here. The coefficient of restitution is the ratio of the final to the initial relative speed between two objects after they collide. This would eliminate parallax error further. \(Area = \frac{1}{2} \cdot base \cdot length\), \(Area = 0.5 m \cdot 50 m \cdot 50 m = 1250 m^3\). The more energy that the ball possessed before being dropped, the more energy was converted into KE while the ball fell. The higher the ball goes, the more GPE it ends up with. It is always good to have an explanation for choosing any hypothesis. It is used to determine what the variable changed. The controlled variables in this experiment are the surface the ball is rolling on, the material the ball is made of, the size of the ball, the measuring devices being used, the distance the ball travels, and the method being used to release the ball each time, for example the position of the hand. (Their ideas might include surface texture, colour, size, what its made of, squashiness, opacity, weight, air pockets, temperature, cost, shininess/dullness, hardness/softness, age, layers of materials.) Why or why not? You can drop the ball from your hand or you can make a stopper for the ball to hold it only from the sides with a little pressure. The terminal speed is the maximum speed reached when an object is dropped from a great height. It was difficult to get down to the exact level of the blue tack seeing as it meant lowering your entire upper body in the short amount of time taken for the ball to hit the floor and rebound again to get your eye level from h, (where the blue tack was stuck, approximately). When a ball drops in air there is air resistance to which the ball loses energy in the form of thermal energy. As the height from which the ball was dropped from was increased, the GPE energy that the ball possessed before being dropped also increased. Bouncing Ball Experiment Our simple experiment is to drop a ping pong ball weighed at 3 grams from a height of 1 metre then 90cm, 80cm, 70cm, WebThe independent variables in the experiment are the heights that the balls are dropped from, the surface that the ball bounces on, the type of ball used, ball is dropped vertically, and that when dropping a ball no force is applied. The total energy of the system remains the same; the potential energy changes to kinetic energy, but no energy is lost.
